Saipem S.p.A. (San Donato Milanese, Italy) has been awarded two new contracts by Dangote Fertilizer, Africa’s leading fertilizer producer, for technical know-how & licensing for the realization of six urea units, four in Nigeria and two in Ethiopia, and the…
From fertilizer and petroleum to textiles and plastics, production of vital commodities around the world relies on the use of anhydrous ammonia. Operators of chemical plants and petroleum refineries are well acquainted with both the handling hazards of the compound…
This company recently completed the largest Double Planetary Mixer in its U.S. history, a Model DPM-750 capable of mixing up to 750 gal per batch and engineered with safety features for a Class I, Div. 1, Group D hazardous environment.…
Understanding how particle size affects flow properties helps ensure reliable flow of materials between process steps Many industries utilize dry solid materials and powders (collectively referred to as bulk solids in this article) for producing and manufacturing products. It is…
Year’s end is, of course, the default juncture at which current situations are assessed and forecasts for the future are posited. As this year nears its end, indications are that 2026 will likely be a tough year for much of…
In continuous processes, the properties and quality of the products depend on the residence time of different feed substances, and feed materials may not spend the same amount of time in a reactor. When designing equipment for continuous processes, it…
Palladium is widely used in membrane applications because of its extreme selectivity for hydrogen. However, conventional palladium membranes can be damaged at the high temperatures required for many processes that generate hydrogen for various subsequent uses, including the manufacture of…
Increased concern around per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water is necessitating more robust mitigation techniques. There are many technologies that can effectively capture or destroy PFAS, but challenges remain surrounding large volumes of PFAS-laden solid waste and fluorinated byproducts.…
Effectively dispersing powders into liquids can be a challenge. Utilizing vacuum in the correct ways can help with wetting and dispersion When introducing powdered materials into liquids, the goal is always to achieve an air-free dispersion of solids in the…
Among the major challenges facing efforts to chemically recycle common waste plastics is that many methods require a pure stream of a single type of polymer to be effective. Now, researchers at Northwestern University (NU; Evanston, Ill.; www.northwestern.edu), led by…