Precise control over spray-drying processes can be enabled by modern measurement approaches that provide information on particle size and shape in realtime The process of spray drying is extremely valuable to a wide range of solid-product manufacturers due to its…
Chemical engineers who are aware of process control requirements and challenges are in a position to improve process designs Chemical engineers are ideal candidates for control engineering jobs. They understand processes and process design. However, many have never considered or…
Reliable operation of shell-and-tube heat exchangers begins with an appropriate standard. This article provides an overview of those that are applicable Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are the backbone of the power generation, chemical process, petrochemical and pulp-and-paper industries. They are designed…
Single-pass, floating-head heat exchangers are common in certain process operations, but they often use flange joints that are not covered in existing design codes. Design details, advantages and disadvantages of the different options are discussed here Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are…
Advanced high-alloyed stainless steels with austenitic properties can address corrosion concerns in challenging phosphoric and nitric acid processes The growing worldwide demand for fertilizer has created a significant increase in production levels. As a consequence, operators face mounting pressure to…
Corrosion-induced failures are frequent in the electronics products used in control rooms, but proper environmental assessment, control and monitoring can help abate these concerns Electronic process-control equipment — from small remote sensors and instruments to plant-wide distributed control systems (DCS)…
The differences between industrial-scale facilities and pilot plants go beyond size, and these intricacies must be understood when estimating the costs associated with pilot-scale facilities Estimating the construction costs of pilot plant facilities can be tricky, and many of the…
Before any engineering or design work can take place, a project’s feasibility must be considered. Reasonably accurate costs can be obtained using the preliminary estimate methodologies presented here Evaluating the feasibility early in an investment project’s timeline is critical for…
Closed-loop control performance depends on the dynamic response of the controller, valve, measurement and process. Can wireless compete with conventional networks? When using throttling valves in closed-loop process control, a variety of factors impact the selection of the most appropriate…
An overview of the codes and standards that are most pertinent to chemical processing facilities Moving a process fluid from one stage of its processing cycle to the next requires the transfer of fluids between pressure vessels, through pressure piping…